Starting means



Sept 9, 1941 J. JANDAsEK 2,255,424

STARTING MEANS lNVE'NTOR ATTORNEY Sept. 9, 1941.

STARTING Filed March J. JANDASEK MEANS i 3l, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR war-PH .J4/vanaaf ATTCSRNEYl Sept 9, 1941 l J. JANDAsEK 2,255,424

STARTING MEANS Filed March 3l, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l N V E N T O R Wap# J9/massa ATTORNEY SePt- 9, 1941- J. JANDASEK l 2,255,424

STARTING MEANS Filed March 5l, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F6 INVENTOR )n d?? Jasfm Javaosew BYM ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 9, 1941 Appximmn Much s1, 1937, serial No. 133,943

(c1. 12a-11s) '2 Claims;

This invention relates to superchargers, and more particularly to multi-stage superchargers employed primarily to supplya combustible mixture to engines.

It has been found in the use of. supercharged engines that at relatively slow speeds, the engine does not drive the supercharger at suiilciently high speed to supply the degree of pressure desired for such purposes.

Superchargers as utilized in the past have been of a relatively complicated design, and required considerable space for installation. For these reasons superchargers have not been employed to the extent which their utility would indicate that they could be used to advantage.

An object of this invention is therefore to provide an eiilcient engine supercharger which can be manufactured economically.

A further object is to interpose a supercharger between the carburetorand the intake manifold of an engine to thoroughly mix the carbureted mixture and supply it. to the engine at desirable positive pressures.

Another object of the invention is to provide a multi-stage supercharger driven by the engine crankshaft at increased speed.

Yet a further object is to provide means for driving a supercharger to develop a predetermined pressure in the engine manifold before'the enn provide an inexpensive small supercharger Ias-v sembly, which may be driven through speed increasing means operably connected to the accessory drive mechanism of automotive engines.

A further object is to provide a multi-stage supercharger having alternately spaced radially disposed impeller and guide wheel blades formed of inexpensive stampings.

characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of an engine and supercharger assembly embodying the present invention:-

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a supercharger drive for supplying a supercharged combustible mixture to the engine for starting purposes;

Fig. 2a is a detail sectional view of one form of apparatus for operatively connecting then supercharger to a driving means therefor.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of a multi-stage l supercharger driven through a turbo clutch;

Figure 4 is a plan view of the impeller shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5. is a view taken on theline 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 4; v

Figure 'I is a view taken on the line i-l of Figure 3 showing a portion of one element of the turbo clutch;

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 6 showing a modified form of impeller vane construction;-

Figure 9 is a view similar in some respects to Figure 5 showing a modified reinforced vane Other objects and advantages ofthis invention will be apparent from the following detailed description, considered in connection with the accompanying drawings submitted for purposes of illustration only and not intended to deiine the scope of the invention, reference being had for that purpose to the subioined claims.

construction:

Figure l0 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a modified form afa multi-stage supercharger;

Figure 1l is a plan view of one of the impellerl or guide wheel vanes shown in Figure 10;

Figure 12 is a view taken on the line iZ-Ii operably connected to the accessory drive mechanism of an automotive engine;

Figure 14 is a vertical section of a modied' form of a multi-stage supercharger driven through novel speed increasing means; and

Figure 15 is a plan view of one desirable form of speed increasing means for driving a supercharger. Y

Referring more particularly to Figure 1 there is shown, for purposes of illustrating this invention. a supercharger designated by the reference numeral 2 driven throughv speed increasing means I operably connected to a crank shaft 6 of an engine designated as a whole by the reference character 8. The supercharger 2 is provided with an inlet passagev III communicating with a carburetor I2 having an air inlet control -vaive l@ and a main fuel supply nozzle I6.

'I'he supercharger illustrated is'of the 'multi- -stage type having alternately spaced radially dis-v posed impeller and guide wheel blades I8 and 20 respectively. A collecting passage 22. surrounding the impeller and guide blades I8 and l 28, receives the compressed carbureted mixture, and delivers it through a manifold riser 24 having a throttle valve 26 positioned therein. A manifold riser 24 communicates with an annular passageway 28 surrounding a cylinder 38 of the engine 8. The cylinder 38 receives a compressed mixture from the annular passageway 28 through a plurality of spaced ports 32 extending through the side walls of the cylinder 38. A piston 33 operably connected to the crank shaft 6 by means of a connecting rod 34 compresses the charge admitted to the cylinder 438. The products of combustion may be exhausted from the cylinder 38 by means of the exhaust passageway 36 controlled by an exhaust valve 38 controlled by any desired timing mechanism, such for example, as the rocker arm 48 connected with the push rod 42 controlled by a cam 44 positioned on the crank shaft 6.

The operation of this device is as follows. The carburetor I2 provides a combustible mixture of fuel admitted through the main fuel jet I6 and air passing'the choke valve I4 to the inlet I8 of the supercharger 2. The rst stage impeller I8 accelerates the combustible mixture admitted, and delivers it to the first stage guide wheel 28 whereinthe velocity of the mixture is decreased, and the velocity energy is transformed into pressure energy. The mixture is then admitted to the second stage impeller I8 radially outwardly spaced with reference to the rst stage guide wheel 28, wherein thevelocity of the mixture is accelerated, and the mixture is passed to a second stage guide wheel 28 radially outwardly spaced with reference to the second stage impeller. The second stage guide wheel converts` the velocity energy into pressure energy, and delivers the mixture to the collecting passage 22.

This compressed combustible mixture is passed to the manifold riser 24 past the throttle valve 26 to the annular passageway 28 which communicates with the cylinder 38 by way of the spaced ports 32 when the piston 33 is` moved by the connecting rod 34 to a position to uncover the spaced ports 32. This method of charging the engine is particularly advantageous because of the fact that compressed mixture is admitted at `spaced points surrounding the cylinder whereupon scavenging of the products of combustion from the cylinder 38 throughA the exhaust outlet 36 is facilitated.

Fuel for idling purposes, when the throttle valve 26 is closed is supplied through a fuel passageway`46 having a check valve 48 therein, and diluting air is supplied through a passageway 58 communicating with the collecting passage 22. Additional fuel for acceleration purposes may be supplied through a fuel duct 52 inter- Cil connecting the collecting passage 22 and an acceleration well in the carburetor I2, check valve 54 being provided in the duct 52. v

A starter 5 6 may be employed to drive the supercharger shaft 58 through a one-wayclutch the supercharger and the engine. Figure 2 shows an assembly wherein the supercharger 2 may be driven by an auxiliary starter 62l operably connected thereto by means of a one-,way

clutch 64. A main starter 66 is employedv to start the engine 8. A one-way clutch 64a is in-f terposed between the supercharger 2 andthe engine 6, which clutch is so disposed that rotas' tion of the supercharger 2 in a predetermined direction will not 'be communicated to the engine, whereas rotation of the latter will be communicated to the supercharger, when the engine rotates in said direction. Clutch 64 is illustrated in cross-section in Fig. 2a and is constituted, for example, by a central shaft or` driving member having a surrounding driven member. The shaft is rotated by starter 62. The driven member is provided with serrations upon an inner periphery thereof in which clutch balls are movable to operatively interconnect the driving and driven members when rotation occurs, for example, in a clockwise direction but not in the opposite direction. In this 'embodiment the supercharger '2 may be driven by the auxiliary starter 62 to supply a compressed combustible mixture to the engine 8 before the engine starter 66 is actuated tostart the engine. Starting of the engine is thus facilitated since a greater compression ratio is possible when this device is employed.

Figure 3 illustrates amodifled form of a multiple-stage supercharger driven through a turbo clutch 18, having impeller and turbine runner elements 12 and 14 respectively. As illustrated more clearly in Figure 7 the turbine runner is formed with vanes 88 and 82 respectively fixed thereto, and the impeller may be formed with vanes 16 and 18. The impeller 18 is fixed to a driving shaft 84, and the turbinerunner 14 is fixed to a driven shaft 86, the driven shaft 86 having the first and second stage impeller discs 88 and 88 fixed thereto. A housing 82 surrounds the driven shaft 86 and has the first and second stage guide wheels 84 and 86 respectively xed thereto. A carburetor 88 supplies a combustible mixture to a supercharger inlet |88. The combustible mixture admitted through the inlet |88 is passed through a directing screw I8I, and is then passed to the first stage impeller 88, which accelerates it and drives it outwardly. The first stage guide wheel 84 receives the accelerated mixture from the first stage impeller 88, and transforms the velocity energy into pressure energy and directs the compressed :fluid to the second stage impeller 88 which again accelerates the fluid and directs it to the second stage guide wheel 86, wherein the velocity energy is again converted into pressure energy. The compressed mixture is then directed to an engine manifold through the outlet passage |83. y

Attention is directed to the bearing assembly between the shaft 86 and the housing 82. It will be observed that ball bearings are employed, and that a collar |81 projects upwardly at the end of the bearing. A shield |88 projects down over the collar |81. oOil supplied to lubricate the bearing I85.is driven outwardly by centrifugal force, and overlies the space between the collar |81 and the shield |88. This shield prevents air from entering along `the shaft to dilute the carbureted mixture supplied from the carburetor 88 to the rst stage impeller 88.

As more clearly illustrated in Figures 4, 5 and 6 the impeller'and guide wheel members may be formed of a at disc III having blades I|3 spotwelded or otherwise lxed thereto. It willube observed that the blades II3 are wider nearer the shaft 86, and converge toward the outer edge of the disc III/and thatl the space between the blades II3 is/less nearer the shaft 86, thereby very economically, and the Space required to install such a supercharger is comparatively small.

The channel shaped blade structure H5 illustrated in Figure 8, may if desired be employed in place of the channel shaped blade structure i it shown in Figure 6. This blade structure embodies greater strength than the blades M3.

If desired an auxiliary bracing disc ill xed at one end to the disc lli may be employed to strengthen the disc iii, as illustrated in Figure 9.

Attention is directed to the fact that where the turbo clutch drive mechanism illustrated in Figure 3 is employed there is no danger of breaking the supercharger drivel shaft upon sudden deceleration of the engine with which the supercharger'is employed since the turbine runner 1d may revolve with reference to the impellei` 'l2 whereupon the inertia built up in the impeller and guide wheel vanes of the supercharger may be gradually dissipated, thereby obviating any possibility of subjecting the supercharger driving mechanism to critical overloads. Figure l illus.

trates another modified form of supercharger wherein the fluid to be compressed is admitted through an inlet passage lil, and is directed to a first stage impeller B23, thenv to a first stage guide wheel i25,-from there to a second stage impeller i271, and later to a second stage guide wheel l2@ communicating with an outlet passage it i. It will be observed that the first and second stage impeller H23 and i2? are carried and driven by a disc B35 fixed to a driving shaft itl. The iirst and second stage guide `Wheels E25 and i2@ are carried by a disc i3d nxed with reference to a housing Ml. v

The impellers and the guide wheels may be formed of spaced discs tdt and ldd having apertures Mil therein, as more clearly illustrated in Figure 12. The blades of the impeller and guide wheels may be formed of flat plates lil@ having locking tabs ist carried thereby as more clearly shown in Figure 11. To assemble the impelier or guide wheels the discs M53 and M5 are positioned in spaced relation and the tabs iti of the blades its inserted through the apertures Mill in the discs i153 and i645. The locking tabs 85! are then bent over to securely loch the discs it and its together whereupon the blades it@ are held in the desired assembled relation.

The embodiment ci the invention illustrated in Figure 13 is similar in many respects to the em bodiment illustrated in Figure l, corresponding parts having therefore been given corresponding reference numerals with the addition oi 10d. it will be observed that the carburetor M2 supplies a combustible mixture to the inlet il@ oi the supercharger M32. The velocity oi the combusti ble mixture thus supplied is accelerated by the impeller il@ which delivers the accelerated mixture to the guide wheel lill. The guide wheel it@ converts the velocity energy into pressure energy,

delivers the compressed nuid to the collectpassage H22, communicating with the manifold riser itt, leading to the cylinders of the engine.v

Attention is directed 'to the fact that in this embodiment of the invention the supercharger M92 may bedriven by an accessory drive shaft it., .The shaft 55 may be driven by V belts passing over the pulleys i5?, or in any other de-I aired manner, to drive the bladed fan its, a generator itl, and any other desired accessories. i universal joint its interconnects the shaft E55 and a stub shaft ltd which drives the supercharger through the speed increasing means its.

The illustrated speed increasing mechanism, as more clearly shown in Figures 13 and 15, includes a spider member itl. having the driving fingers |69 xed thereto. The driving fingers |69 engage hollow rollers lll frictionally engaged between a hardened ring il@ and a hardened roller ilb carried by the supercharger drive shaft E58.

In the operation of this device, the accessory drive shaft B drives the stub shaft i165, through the universal joint |63. The spider member itl fixed to the stub shaft it drives the fingers it@ which rotate the rollers i li 'against the hardened ring llt, and drive the hardened roller 15. The roller H5 is thus driven at a much higher speed than the speed of the driving shaft itt.

This Super-charger drive mechanism may be incorporated in automotive vehicles of conven tional design, and particularly those oi' the V type wherein a single centrally disposed intake inanifold is employed to supply carbureting mixture to the cylinders of the engine.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in y Figure 1i is similar in some respects to that illustrated in the other iigures. It will be ob served that in this embodiment oi' the invention the supercharger is driven by a .double chain il?! operating on sprocket wheels H9 which drive the supercharger shaft iti at increased speed through the speed increasing gears its interposed there= between. In this embodiment it should be noted that a longitudinally contracted driving mechanism is provided which drives the supercharger impellers H85 and itl at increased speed. IIThe fluid to be compressed is admitted to the supercharger through an inlet it@ communicating with the first stage impeller 85 through a passageway itl. The impellers it and itl increase the velocity of the fluid, and the guide wheels ist and 95 convert the velocity energy into pressure energy and deliver the compressed fluid to the manifold itl] of the engine.

It will be understood oi course that a 4greater number of impellers and guide wheels may be enhI ployed if desired to deliver the compressed fluid at the desired pressure.

le the invention has been illustrated and described with particular reference to several clesirable embodiments, it is to be understood that many changes can be made in the particular combinations or mechanisms employed without departing from the spirit of the invention as des fined by the following clam.

I claim:

l. in an internal combustion engine, a main 1 starting mechanism tor the engine. a super= charger, a one-way clutch for operatively interconnecting the engine and supercharger, auxiliary means for actuating the supercharger, and a one way clutch between the supercharger and auxiliary means, the iirst-named clutch adapting the auxiliary meansgfor driving the supercharger before the main starting mechanism is actuated.

2. in an internal combustion engine, means for actuating the engine to start same. a supercharger, a one-way clutch for operatively interconnecting the supercharger and engine, auxiliary means for driving the supercharger, anda one way clutch between the supercharger and auxiliary means, the first-named clutch adapting the auxiliary means Vfor driving the supercharger prior to actuation ci the nrst named means and adapting the supercharger for actuation by the engine after the latter is started.

JOSEPH JANDASEK. 

